🧮 Statistics

Explanation: Standard deviation measures how spread out the values in a data set are from the mean. A low SD means data is clustered near the mean; a high SD means it is spread out.

Explanation: A fair coin has 2 outcomes (head or tail), each equally likely. P(head) = 1/2 = 0.5 = 50%. Probability ranges from 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain).

Explanation: The mode is the value that appears most frequently in a data set. A data set can have one mode (unimodal), more than one mode (multimodal), or no mode.

Explanation: Median is the middle value when data is sorted. For 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 (5 values), the median is the 3rd value = 7.

Explanation: Mean = Sum ÷ Count = (2+4+6+8+10) ÷ 5 = 30 ÷ 5 = 6. The mean (arithmetic average) is the most common measure of central tendency.