Which quadrilateral consultative mechanism, including Egypt alongside the three Makkah signatories, preceded the 2026 pact?

Explanation: The Makkah Joint Defence Agreement built on the Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement of September 2025 and on the quadrilateral consultative mechanism known as the R-4 Group, comprising Saudi Arabia, Turkiye, Pakistan and Egypt. Analysts note that earlier regional pacts, including the Arab League's 1950 treaty and the GCC Joint Defence Agreement of 2000, failed to deliver NATO-style responses. This comparative framing is precisely the analytical depth CSS examiners reward.